In a simplified form, the principle of operation of the wind turbine can be represented as follows.

Wind power drives the blades, which through a special drive make the rotor rotate. Due to the presence of the stator winding, the mechanical energy is converted into electric current. The aerodynamic features of the propellers allow the turbine of the generator to rotate quickly.

Operating principle
The power of rotation is further converted into electricity, which is stored in a battery. The stronger the air flow, the faster the blades spin, producing more energy. Since the wind generator is based on the maximum use of an alternative energy source, one side of the blades has a rounded shape, the other is relatively flat. When airflow passes over the rounded side, a section of vacuum is created. This sucks the blade in, pulling it sideways. This creates energy, which causes the blades to spin out.

During their turns, the propellers also spin an axle connected to the generator rotor. When the twelve magnets attached to the rotor rotate in the stator, an alternating electric current is created which has the same frequency as a normal room socket. This is the basic principle of how a wind turbine works. Alternating current is easy to generate and transmit over long distances, but it cannot be stored.

To do this, it must be converted into direct current. This work is done by an electronic circuit inside the turbine. In order to get a large amount of electricity, industrial plants are made. A wind farm usually consists of several dozen units. By using such a device at home, you can get a significant reduction in electricity costs. The principle of operation of wind turbines allows them to be used in such variants:

• for autonomous operation;
• In parallel with the backup battery;
• Together with solar panels;
• In parallel with the diesel or gasoline generator.

If the air flow moves at a speed of 45 km / h, the turbine generates 400 watts of electricity. This is enough to illuminate the cottage area. This power can be accumulated by collecting it in a battery.

A special device controls the charging of the battery. As the charge decreases, the rotation of the blades slows down. When the battery is fully discharged, the blades start rotating again. This keeps the charge at a certain level. The stronger the airflow, the more electricity the turbine can produce.

Blade rotation braking system
To prevent the plant from failing at high air pressure, it is equipped with a special braking system. Whereas previously the moving magnets induced a current in the windings, this force is now used to stop the rotating magnets. This is done by creating a short circuit, which slows down the movement of the rotor. The resulting opposition slows down the rotation of the magnets.

In winds over 50 km/h the brakes automatically slow down the rotor. If the air speed reaches 80 km/h, the brake system stops the blades completely. All parts of the turbine are designed to make the most of the air energy. When the wind blows, the blades rotate and the generator converts their movement into electricity. By performing a double energy conversion, the turbine generates electricity from the normal movement of air masses.

This device is very useful not only in some extreme conditions, but also in normal everyday life. Quite often, wind turbine systems are used in summer houses or in those communities where there are regular power outages. Self-made autonomous source of electricity has such advantages:

• the installation is environmentally friendly;
• there is no need to fill it up with fuel;
• does not accumulate any waste;
• the device works very quietly;
• Has a long service life.

All wind turbines work according to the same scheme. First, the alternating voltage received from the wind pressure is converted into direct current. This charges the battery. Then an inverter again produces alternating current. This is used to make the light bulbs shine; the refrigerator, television, etc. work. Thanks to the rechargeable battery, it is possible to use electrical appliances in windless weather. In addition, during strong gusts of wind, the voltage in the network remains stable.